Pembentukan Pola Desain Motif Karawo Gorontalo Menggunakan K-Means Color Quantization dan Structured Forest Edge Detecion
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.2021834491Abstrak
Sulaman Karawo merupakan kerajinan tangan berupa sulaman khas dari daerah Gorontalo. Motif sulaman diterapkan secara detail berdasarkan suatu pola desain tertentu. Pola desain digambarkan pada kertas dengan berbagai panduannya. Gambar yang diterapkan pada pola memiliki resolusi sangat rendah dan harus mempertahankan bentuknya. Penelitian ini mengembangkan metode pembentukan pola desain motif Karawo dari citra digital. Proses dilakukan dengan pengolahan awal menggunakan k-means color quantization (KMCQ) dan deteksi tepi structured forest. Proses selanjutnya melakukan pengurangan resolusi menggunakan metode pixelation dan binarization. Luaran dari algoritma menghasilkan 3 citra berbeda dengan ukuran yang sama, yaitu: citra tepi, citra biner, dan citra berwarna. Ketiga citra tersebut selanjutnya dilakukan proses pembentukan pola desain motif Karawo dengan berbagai petunjuk pola bagi pengrajin. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pola desain motif dapat digunakan dan dimengerti oleh para pengrajin dalam menerapkannya di sulaman Karawo. Pengujian nilai-nilai parameter dilakukan pada metode k-means, gaussian filter, pixelation, dan binarization. Parameter-parameter tersebut yaitu: k pada k-means, kernel pada gaussian filter, lebar piksel pada pixelation, dan nilai threshold pada binarization. Pengujian menunjukkan nilai terendah tiap parameter adalah k=4, kernel=3x3, lebar piksel=70, dan threshold=20. Hasil memperlihatkan makin tinggi nilai-nilai tersebut maka semakin baik pola desain motif yang dihasilkan. Nilai-nilai tersebut merupakan nilai parameter terendah dalam pembentukan pola desain motif berkualitas baik berdasarkan indikator-indikator dari desainer.
Abstract
Karawo embroidery is a unique handicraft from Gorontalo. The embroidery motif is applied in detail based on a certain design pattern. These patterns are depicted on paper with various guides. The image applied to the pattern is very low resolution and retains its shape. This study develops a method to generate a Karawo design pattern from a digital image. The process begins by using k-means color quantization (KMCQ) to reduce the number of colors and edge detection of the structured forest. The next process is to change the resolution using pixelation and binarization methods. The output algorithm produces 3 different state images of the same size, which are: edge image, binary image, and color image. These images are used in the formation of the Karawo motif design pattern. The motif contains various pattern instructions for the craftsman. The results show that it can be used and understood by the craftsmen in its application in Karawo embroidery. Testing parameter values on the k-means method, Gaussian filter, pixelation, and binarization. These parameters are k on KMCQ, the kernel on a gaussian filter, pixel width in pixelation, and threshold value in binarization. The results show that the lowest value of each parameter is k=4, kernel=3x3, pixel width=70, and threshold=20. The results show that the higher these values, the better the results of the pattern design motif. Those values are the lower input to generate a good quality pattern design based on the designer’s indicators.
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