Perbandingan Kinerja Arsitektur Convolutional Neural Network Pada Deteksi Malaria Menggunakan Citra Sel Darah
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.2025128085Kata Kunci:
citra sel darah, deteksi, kecerdasan buatan, malaria, mobilenetv2Abstrak
Malaria masih menjadi salah satu penyebab kematian tertinggi di dunia, terutama di daerah yang berstatus endemi. Standar emas penegakan diagnosis malaria adalah berbasis citra apusan atau sel darah yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan mikroskop. Kendala utama dalam penegakan diagnosis ini adalah kurangnya tenaga ahli untuk melakukan asesmen citra sel darah. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan diagnosis malaria berbasis citra sel darah menggunakan Artificial Intelligent (AI) / kecerdasan buatan. Deteksi malaria berbasis AI yang dilakukan pada studi-studi sebelumnya telah menghasilkan kinerja yang sudah baik. Namun, kinerja deteksi ini masih dapat ditingkatkan. Studi ini menggunakan 27.558 citra sel darah yang terdiri dari 13.779 sel darah terinfeksi dan 13.779 tidak terinfeksi. Citra-citra sel darah ini dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok, yaitu pelatihan (80%); validasi (10%); dan pengujian (10%). Pada studi ini, digunakan ResNet50; ResNet101; ResNet152; ResNet50V2; ResNet101V2; ResNet152V2; DenseNet121; DenseNet169; DenseNet201; InceptionV3; InceptionResNetV2; VGG16; VGG19; dan MobileNetV2. Tujuan utama dari studi ini adalah mencari arsitektur CNN yang memiliki kinerja terbaik dalam deteksi malaria berbasis citra sel darah. Perbandingan kinerja diases dengan menggunakan nilai akurasi, sensitivitas, spesifisitas, skor F1, dan Area Under the Curve (AUC). Arsitektur MobileNetV2 memberikan kinerja paling baik dengan nilai rata-rata pelatihan, validasi, dan pengujian tertinggi. Nilai rata-rata akurasi mencapai 97,68%; spesifisitas 98,61%; sensitivitas 96,75%; Skor F1 97,70%; dan AUC sebesar 99,65%. Selain itu, waktu pembuatan model arsitektur MobileNetV2 hanya sekitar 2,5 jam. Selain itu, jumlah lapisan convolutional tidak memengaruhi kinerja deteksi malaria. Dengan lapisan convolutional berjumlah 53, MobileNetV2 berkinerja lebih baik dibandingkan dengan arsitektur-arsitektur lain dengan jumlah lapisan convolutional lebih banyak.
Abstract
Malaria is still one of the highest causes of death in the world, especially in the endemic areas. The gold standard for diagnosing malaria is based on smears blood smears or cells image which is obtained using a microscope. The main challenge in detecting malaria is the lack of experts to assess the blood smears. Therefore, the detection is carried out using Artificial Intelligence (AI). Previous studies that used AI to detect malaria have a good performance. However, the detection performance can still be improved. Furthermore, previous studies only used one or two or three performance metrics. This study used 27,558 blood cell images consisting of 13,779 infected and 13,779 uninfected blood cells. These blood cell images are divided into three groups, i.e. training (80%); validation (10%); and testing (10%). In this study, several CNN architectures are used, such as ResNet50; ResNet101; ResNet152; ResNet50V2; ResNet101V2; ResNet152V; DenseNet121; DenseNet169; DenseNet201; InceptionV3; InceptionResNetV2; VGG16: VGG19: and MobileNetV2. The main objective of this study is to find the CNN architecture that has the best performance in blood cell image-based malaria detection. Comparison of performance of CNN architectures are assessed using accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, F1 score, and Area Under the Curve (AUC) values. The MobileNetV2 architecture provides the best performance with the highest average values of training, validation, and testing. The average accuracy value of 97.68%; specificity of 98.61%; sensitivity of 96,75%; F1 Score of 97.70%; and AUC of 0.9965. In addition, the time to build the MobileNetV2 model is about 2.5 hours, the fastest one. This study shows that the number of convolutional layers does not affect malaria detection performance. With 53 convolutional layers, MobileNetV2 has the best performance.
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