Smart Contract Penyimpanan Data Genetika Manusia Berbiaya Murah pada Blockchain Ethereum
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.1137558Abstrak
Genetika manusia merujuk pada informasi yang dikumpulkan tentang genom atau warisan genetik individu manusia. Data ini mencakup sekuens DNA, variasi genetik, mutasi, dan informasi lain yang terkait dengan sifat dan karakteristik genetik individu manusia. Data genetika manusia diperoleh melalui serangkaian proses, meliputi penguntaian genetik, pengujian genetik, analisis DNA, dan pemetaan genetik. Data genetika terutama pada manusia merupakan data yang bersifat privat yang harus dilindungi keamanan dan kerahasiaanya. Beberapa penelitian telah menggunakan teknologi Blockchain untuk menyimpan data yang memerlukan keamanan ekstra. Blockchain memberikan solusi untuk perlindungan dan pengelolaan data dengan fitur teknologinya yang terdesentralisasi, terenkripsi, setiap transaksi bisa ditelusuri, dan antitampering atau sulit dimodifikasi. Penelitian menerapkan teknologi Blockchain untuk menyimpan dan mengelola data genetik. Sebagai bahan penelitian data genetika manusia diakusisi dari NCBI repository. Data genetik tersebut disimpan dalam Smart contract pada blockchain Ethereum yang ditulis menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Solidity. Setiap transaksi dan penyimpanan data pada Ethereum dibebankan biaya yang cukup mahal atau yang dikenal dengan biaya gas maka penelitian ini menawarkan solusi hanya menyimpan signature saja dari data genetik itu dalam blockchain. Data genetik yang riil dan berukuran besar disimpan dalam InterPlanetary File System (IPFS). Hasil pengujian menjalankan smart contract pada blockchain Ethereum yang hanya menyimpan signature data genetik ini menunjukkan biaya gas yang sangat efisien karena hanya menyimpan 256 bit saja dari data genetik riilnya yang dapat mencapai giga byte.
Abstract
Human genetics refers to information gathered about the genome or genetic heritage of human individuals. This data includes DNA sequences, genetic variations, mutations, and other information related to individual human genetic traits and characteristics. Human genetic data is obtained through a series of processes, including genetic sequencing, genetic testing, DNA analysis, and genetic mapping. Genetic data, especially in humans, is private data that must be protected by security and confidentiality. Several studies have used Blockchain technology to store data that requires extra security. Blockchain provides solutions for data protection and management with its technological features that are decentralized, encrypted, every transaction can be traced, and anti-tampering or difficult to modify. Research uses Blockchain technology to store and manage genetic data. As research material, human genetic data was acquired from the NCBI repository. The genetic data is stored in Smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain written using the Solidity programming language. Every transaction and data storage on Ethereum is charged with a fairly expensive fee, known as a gas fee, so this research offers a solution by only storing the signature of the genetic data in the blockchain. The real and large-scale genetic data is stored in the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS). The test results of running a smart contract on the Ethereum blockchain that only stores genetic data signatures show a very efficient gas cost because it only stores 256 bits of real genetic data, which can reach gigabytes.
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