Model Formal Negosiasi dalam Sistem Penjadwalan Rapat Berbasis Agen
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25126/jtiik.2022976762Abstrak
Sistem penjadwalan rapat menggunakan pendekatan berbasis agen bekerja dengan cara melakukan pencarian secara terdistribusi dalam rangka menemukan waktu pelaksanaan rapat yang dapat diterima oleh para peserta rapat. Dalam proses pencarian tersebut, agen-agen bernegosiasi untuk menyeimbangkan preferensi rapat dan preferensi para peserta rapat. Selama proses tersebut, konflik dapat terjadi dan mengakibatkan negosiasi perlu dilakukan dalam beberapa putaran dimana semakin banyak putaran akan mengurangi efisiensi pencarian. Untuk meningkatkan efisiensi, negosiasi perlu dijaga agar berlangsung secara konvergen. Artikel ini membahas model formal dari negosiasi sistem penjadwalan rapat berbasis agen untuk menjelaskan secara presisi beberapa konsep penting dalam negosiasi penjadwalan rapat berbasis agen sehingga bisa digunakan sebagai acuan dalam pengembangan sistem pada tahap selanjutnya. Konvergensi dalam negosiasi diwujudkan dengan membangun dua fase negosiasi. Pada fase pertama, proposal berisi sejumlah cluster solution, sedangkan proposal pada fase kedua berbentuk specific solution yang dibangkitkan berdasarkan cluster solution yang banyak dipilih peserta rapat. Dalam negosiasi ini, resolusi konflik juga disiapkan untuk mengatasi konflik yang tidak dapat dihindari dengan menerapkan relaxing constraint. Konsep negosiasi ini bisa diimplementasikan sebagai protokol negosiasi dalam sistem penjadwalan rapat berbasis agen.
Abstract
An agent-based meeting scheduling system performs a distributed search to find an acceptable meeting time for the participants. In the search process, agents negotiate to balance meeting preferences and those of the participants. Conflicts may occur during the search, resulting in the negotiation in many rounds. In fact, more rounds will reduce search efficiency. Negotiation needs to be kept convergent for their efficiency. This article discusses a formal model of negotiating an agent-based meeting scheduling system to avoid ambiguity when it is developed. Convergence in negotiations is realized by establishing two negotiation phases. In the first phase, the proposal contains several cluster solutions, while the proposal in the second phase is in the form of a specific solution that is generated based on the cluster solution chosen by many meeting participants. Conflict resolution is prepared to overcome unavoidable conflicts by applying relaxing constraints in this negotiation. This concept is ready to be implemented as a negotiation protocol for an agent-based meeting scheduling system.
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